4031. Package # 50 (Determination of antibodies to erythrocyte by system AB0)

The 'ABO Antibody Test for Red Blood Cells' panel is a screening test elaborated to detect antibodies to clinically important red blood cell antigens, which characterize the body's sensitization to these antigens. These immunoglobulins are a possible factor in the development of hemolytic disease of the newborn.

The ABO system is one of the main red blood cell antigen systems, playing a critical role in immunohematology. In cases of ABO incompatibility between mother and fetus, maternal IgG antibodies to the A or B antigens inherited by the child from the father may form. The most clinically significant situations are:

• The woman has blood type O (I), and the child's father has A (II), B (III), or AB (IV).
• The woman has A (II) or B (III), and the man has a blood type other than O (I).

In such cases, the woman's immune system may recognize the fetal antigens as foreign and begin to produce alloimmune antibodies, which cross the placenta to the fetus and cause hemolysis of red blood cells. This can lead to hemolytic disease of the newborn of varying severity - from mild anemia to a severe form with hyperbilirubinemia, hepatosplenomegaly or hydrops fetalis.

When?

• When planning pregnancy, to determine antigroup conflict.
• To establish the causes of blood transfusion complications.
• If there is a history of immunological conflict or hemolytic disease of the newborn.

Who?

• Women with recurrent miscarriages, miscarriages, or intrauterine fetal death.
• Couples with an increased risk of ABO conflict during pregnancy.
• Women at risk of immune sensitization for preventive monitoring.

• Venous blood

In order to exclude factors that may affect the test results, we recommend to follow the preparation rules: