4009. Scraping on pinworm eggs (enterobiosis)

A pinworm egg test (enterobiasis) is a microscopic examination that detects pinworm eggs (Enterobius vermicularis), the most common intestinal helminth in children and adults. The sample for analysis is a scraping from the perianal area, taken in the morning before hygiene procedures.

This test should be performed in conjunction with a complete blood count, as pinworm waste products, especially their breakdown products, have toxic and allergic effects, often resulting in eosinophilia, metabolic disorders, and vitamin deficiencies.

Pinworms (Enterobius vermicularis) are small, white, thread-like helminths that infest the lower intestines of humans, primarily the rectum.

Female pinworms crawl out at night onto the skin around the anus, where they lay eggs. This is why pinworm infections are often impossible to detect in feces, as the eggs remain on the skin rather than in the feces.

Symptoms of pinworm infections may include:

• Anal itching (especially at night);
• sleep disturbances, irritability;
• loss of appetite, nausea;
• abdominal pain;
• in girls, inflammation of the external genitalia (due to helminth migration).

The most effective diagnostic method is a perianal scraping, taken with a special swab or tape. The test allows for the detection of helminth eggs under a microscope, confirming the diagnosis of enterobiasis and initiating treatment promptly. The advantage of this method is that it allows for the diagnosis of enterobiasis in over 50% of cases during the first examination, compared to only 10-15% with a traditional coproparasitological examination. To rule out enterobiasis, it is recommended to conduct seven tests at two-day intervals. If the test result is positive, testing of other family members is recommended.

The mechanism of infection is fecal-oral (dirty hands): through contaminated hands, bedding, toys, and towels, especially in organized children's groups.

When?

• If pinworm infection (Enterobius vermicularis) is suspected (itching, teeth grinding, sleep disturbances, dyspepsia).
• During routine medical examinations, before hospitalization, or before enrollment in childcare or educational institutions.

For whom?

• Preschool- and school-age children, especially before enrollment in kindergartens, schools, and camps.
• Adults who come into contact with children or work in groups.
• Individuals with weakened immune systems, patients with chronic gastrointestinal diseases.

• Perianal tape test for enterobiasis