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  3. 4003. Blood group/Rh factor

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4003. Blood group/Rh factor

4003. Blood group/Rh factor

Turnaround time (days): 1

380 ₴

Description

The ABO blood group is a system reflects the presence or absence of antigens on the surface of red blood cells (RBCs) and antibodies in the blood plasma. This test is used to prevent possible immune conflict in case of blood transfusion, organ transplantation, or during pregnancy. The Rh factor is a protein found on the surface of red blood cells in some individuals. If the protein is present, the person is considered Rh-positive; if it is absent, the person is Rh-negative. The Rh factor is particularly important during pregnancy..

ABO blood group system Red blood cells (RBCs) have antigens on their surface. The two main antigens embedded in the RBCs membrane are antigen A and antigen B. Blood groups are classified based on the presence or absence of these antigens.  Individuals with antigen A on their red blood cells have blood group A. Those with antigen B have blood group B. If both antigens A and B are present, the blood group is AB. if neither of these antigens is detected, the blood group is O. Normally, the body produces antibodies against those antigens (A or B) that are not present on RBCs.

Rh blood group system

Rh(D) is a protein found on the surface of red blood cells in approximately 85% of people, who are considered Rh-positive, respectively, Rh-negative – in 15%. The Rh factor is of particular importance during pregnancy. If the mother is Rh-positive, her blood will be compatible with the fetus's blood. If the mother is Rh-negative, there are possible options: If the father is also Rh-negative, the fetus will inherit the negative Rh factor, and there is no risk of incompatibility. However, if the father is Rh-positive, there is a 50% chance that the fetus will be Rh-positive, leading to a potential Rh incompatibility (Rh conflict). If fetal blood enters the maternal circulation, the mother's immune system may recognize the Rh-positive red blood cells as foreign and begin producing antibodies against the Rh antigen. These antibodies can cross the placenta and enter the fetal circulation, causing hemolysis (destruction of fetal red blood cells). Hemolysis may lead to fetal developmental complications, miscarriage, or after birth, hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN).

When and who needs the test?

Blood group:

  • before blood transfusion to recipients and donors;
  • before invasive or surgical procedures;
  • immunological monitoring during the prenatal and postpartum periods of the mother and child;
  • for ABO compatibility in organ transplantation.

Rh factor:

  • during pregnancy to determine blood compatibility between mother and child;
  • before surgical operations;
  • during preparation for blood or blood component transfusion (donors, recipients).

Biological material

  • Venous blood

Preparing for a blood test

In order to exclude factors that may affect the test results, we recommend to follow the preparation rules:

  • an important condition for laboratory tests is to take blood on an empty stomach.
  • 6-12 hours before the test, you should avoid eating, drinking alcohol, smoking, and limit physical activity. Drinking...

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4003. Blood group/Rh factor

380 ₴

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