2181. Package # 4.4.4 (Antibodies to helminths)

The 'Antibodies to Helminths' research package includes the determination of specific antibodies to the most common pathogens that can cause parasitic infections in humans.

Opisthorchis felineus (cat fluke) is the causative agent of opisthorchiasis. It affects the bile ducts, liver, and pancreas. Infection typically occurs through eating raw or undercooked freshwater fish.

Trichinella spiralis is the causative agent of trichinosis, which attacks muscle tissue. Infection can be acquired by eating raw or undercooked pork or wild game.

Echinococcus granulosus is the causative agent of echinococcosis, which causes cysts in the liver, lungs, and other organs. Humans become infected through contact with infected dogs or through the fecal-oral route.

Toxocara canis causes toxocariasis, which affects the eyes, liver, and central nervous system. The primary route of infection is through soil contaminated with toxocara eggs (e.g., children's sandboxes). Ascaris lumbricoides causes ascariasis, which affects the gastrointestinal tract and lungs. Infection occurs through ingestion of parasite eggs, which enter the body through contaminated food and water.

Giardia lamblia (Giardia lamblia) causes giardiasis, which is characterized by severe digestive disorders. Infection occurs through water or food contaminated with cysts.

Comprehensive diagnostics allow for the inclusion of a wide range of parasites that can cause infections with similar symptoms or coexist in the body simultaneously. This reduces the risk of misdiagnosis and allows for the selection of effective and appropriate treatment.

• For long-term gastrointestinal disorders (nausea, abdominal pain, diarrhea).
• For chronic weakness, anemia, and allergic rashes without an established cause.
• If a parasitic infestation is suspected after consuming potentially dangerous foods (fish, meat, water).
• For examination of children who come into contact with soil or pets.

• Venous blood

In order to exclude factors that may affect the test results, we recommend to follow the preparation rules: