2056. Giardia (lamblia), total antibodies

The test detects total antibodies (IgA, IgM, IgG) to Giardia lamblia, the parasite that causes giardiasis. Detection of total antibodies to Giardia lamblia may indicate a current or recent infection. Total antibody testing is useful when the parasite cannot be detected in stool.

Giardia lamblia is a single-celled parasite that causes a disease known as giardiasis. The parasite colonizes the small intestine, disrupting its function. Infection occurs through the fecal-oral route – by consuming water or food contaminated with giardia cysts, or through contact with infected people or animals.

Manifestations usually appear 1-3 weeks after infection. Symptoms of giardiasis range from asymptomatic carriage to severe gastrointestinal disturbances: diarrhea (stools vary from watery to harder, may be profuse, foul-smelling, and discolored), paroxysmal epigastric pain, bloating, nausea, loss of appetite, fatigue, and allergic reactions.

Children, people with weakened immune systems, and those living in areas with poor sanitation are particularly vulnerable.

Since there is a risk of a false-positive result when detecting Giardia lamblia antigen in feces due to possible cross-reactions with antigens of other pathogens, it is advisable to supplement this study with serological tests for antibodies.

• For patients suspected of having giardiasis – if they have diarrhea, cramping abdominal pain, nausea, or vomiting, especially in high-risk groups.
• To determine the cause of unexplained diarrhea.
• For the differential diagnosis of gastrointestinal diseases with similar symptoms.
• For individuals who have had contact with patients with giardiasis.
• For skin diseases of unexplained etiology (dermatitis, urticaria, eczema).
• To monitor the effectiveness of giardiasis treatment.

• Venous blood

In order to exclude factors that may affect the test results, we recommend to follow the preparation rules: