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2015. Hepatitis D virus (HDV), total antibodies
Description
Hepatitis D virus (HDV) is a 'defective' virus containing a ring-shaped single-stranded RNA thread and capable of replication only in the presence of hepatitis B virus. HDV builds its shell from HBs antigen and is unable to fully reproduce without hepatitis B virus. When infected with hepatitis D virus during existing viral hepatitis B, superinfection occurs, which is characterized by a wave-like course. Coinfection with viral hepatitis D reduces the likelihood of a favorable response to antiviral therapy. In 5%, liver damage quickly progresses to cirrhosis, which, as a consequence, increases the risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma. HDV infection is diagnosed with a high level of total immunoglobulins (IgG and IgM) against HDV, which is confirmed by the detection of HDV RNA in the blood serum.
When and who needs the test?
- screening for HDV infection;
- detection of co-infection or superinfection with HDV (in combination with other HBV markers and HDV PCR);
- fulminant hepatitis;
- examination of recipients of donor organs and patients on hemodialysis;
- differential diagnostics of mixed hepatitis;
- chronic liver diseases: cirrhosis, exacerbation of chronic hepatitis B;
- increased transaminases in HBsAg carriage.
Important notes
Hepatitis D testing is prescribed after detection of HBs antigen. Reproduction of the hepatitis D virus inhibits the replication of the hepatitis B virus in liver cells (the phenomenon of viral interference). As a result, many serological markers may not be detected in the blood of the person being examined or their concentration may be reduced.
Biological material
- Venous blood
Preparing for a blood test
In order to exclude factors that may affect the test results, we recommend to follow the preparation rules:
- an important condition for laboratory tests is to take blood on an empty stomach.
- 6-12 hours before the test, you should avoid eating, drinking alcohol, smoking, and limit physical activity. Drinking...